Bava Batra 192

ושמואל אמר חמרא אכתפא דמאריה שוואר

and Samuel says: Wine leaps upon the shoulder of its owner.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the purchaser bears the responsibility for the wine. It is his misfortune that the wine turned sour. ');">¹</span>

עבד רב יוסף עובדא כוותיה דרב בשיכרא וכוותיה דשמואל בחמרא והלכתא כוותיה דשמואל:

R. Joseph decided a case In accordance [with the opinion] of Rab, in [respect of the sale of] beer;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [H] a drink made of dates or barley. ');">²</span>

ת"ר אחד שכר תמרים ואחד שכר שעורים ואחד שמרי יין מברכין עליהם שהכל נהיה בדברו אחרים אומרים שמרים שיש בהם טעם יין מברך עליהן בורא פרי הגפן רבה ורב יוסף דאמרי תרוייהו אין הלכה כאחרים

and in accordance with that of Samuel in [respect of] wine. And the law is in agreement with [the opinion] of Samuel.

אמר רבא דכולי עלמא רמא תלתא ואתא ארבעה חמרא הוא רבא לטעמיה דאמר רבא כל חמרא דלא דרי על חד תלת מיא לאו חמרא הוא

Our Rabbis taught: The benediction, '… by whose word everything was made', is to be said over beer of dates, beer of barley and lees of wine. Others say [that] over lees which have the flavour of wine the benediction, '… the creator of the fruit of the wine' is to be said. Both Rabbah and R. Joseph say: The law is not in accordance with [the view of] the others. Raba said: All agree [in the case where] three [jugs of water] had been poured [into the lees], and four came out, that [the liquid] is [regarded as] wine; [for] Raba [is guided] by his view that any wine which cannot stand [an admixture of] three [units of] water to one [of wine], is no wine.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Shab. 77a. 'Er. 29b. ');">³</span>

רמא תלתא ואתא תלתא ולא כלום הוא כי פליגי דרמא תלתא ואתא תלתא ופלגא דרבנן סברי תלתא עייל תלתא נפיק פש ליה פלגא ופלגא בשיתא פלגי מיא ולא כלום הוא

[In the case also where] three [jugs of water] had been put [into the lees] and three came out, [all agree that it is] no wine. Their dispute<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., that of the Rabbis and the 'others'. ');">⁴</span>

ואחרים סברי תלתא עול תרין ופלגא נפיק פש ליה כוזא וכוזא בתרי ופלגא חמרא מעליא הוא

has reference only [to the case] where three were put in and three and a half came out. [For in such a case,] the Rabbis hold the opinion [that since for the] three [that] were put in three were taken out, [only] one half is over; and one half, in six halves of water is nothing. But the others hold the opinion [that for the] three put in, [only] two and a half<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A sixth of the water put in is usually lost in the lees. ');">⁵</span>

וביותר מכדי מדתו מי פליגי והא תנן

were taken out, [a complete] jug, [therefore] remains over, and one jug [of wine] in two and a half [of water] [is regarded as] good wine. But how can it be said that there is a dispute [at all] in the case when more than the quantity put in [has been taken out]? Surely it has been taught: